Archive for the ‘Uncategorized’ Category

Microsoft Dynamics CRM to Add Additional Mobile Capabilities

Microsoft is expected to launch a Dynamics CRM application for mobile devices such as the iPad, iPhone, Android, Blackberry and Windows Phone 7.  This feature will be included in the Dynamics CRM Q2 2012 service update.

According to an article from zdnet.com,  this service will start at $30 per user, per month and supports up to three mobile devices.  This price clearly challenges the competition as Salesforce starts at $65 per user, per month.  Also included in the service pack update, Microsoft will allow users a choice of which Internet browser they prefer to use and will add more social capabilities with a look and feel consistent with Facebook.  Microsoft Excel Workbooks and Business Intelligence functionality with SQL Server 2012 called Power View will also be included.  This will provide self-service analytical capabilities.

As promised, Quarterly updates are being delivered as Microsoft continues to provide top-notch technology and services to it’s clients.

Below is an example of what the Dynamics CRM app looks like on the iPad.  Click the image for a larger view.

Read the rest of the article by clicking here.

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Modesty and Honesty are Always the Best Policy

I enjoyed reading this article entitled the “Seven Personality Traits of Top Salespeople.”  The author Steve Martin identifies what to some may sound counter-intuitive: (1) That most successful sales professionals scored high on the “Modesty and Achievement Orientation” portion of the referenced personality test, and (2) That most successful sales professionals show 30% less gregariousness.  Those findings sure correct two oft-repeated salesperson stereotypes!

Here is the complete list of characteristics according to Martin that great salespeople demonstrate: 1. Modesty. 2. Conscientiousness. 3. Achievement Orientation. 4. Curiosity. 5. Lack of Gregariousness. 6. Lack of Discouragement. 7. Lack of Self-Consciousness. The following sentence particularly struck me as critically informative to sales professionals.  “The evidence suggests that the personalities of these truly great salespeople play a critical role in determining their success”.  After reading that, one might ask this obvious question.  If you seek the highest performance in the IT sales profession, how do your characteristics, preferences, and tendencies compare to this list?

Clients will be the first to tell you that what they are looking for in IT service partners is straightforward — serious, disciplined, highly competent professionals. The article is clearly stating that clients in fact will only trust professionals who are perceived as both authentic and intentional.  In complex IT solution sales, be it BI or CRM solutions, or IT technical staffing services, clients are demanding from partners both solutions they can have confidence in, and teams they can trust.  The central point comes down to this — clients are not interested in big sales personalities that have overwhelming levels of self-confidence.  Sales people that don’t have the traits identified in Martin’s article most often come across as self-centered, and perhaps even sketchy – and won’t exude the characteristics that grow into a relationship based on confidence and integrity.

Here are four quick questions for every IT sales professional to ask themselves.

  1. Are you in an IT sales profession because of an extraordinary interest in successfully addressing client needs?
  2. When notified that a client is extending their trust to your firm, is your first reaction a commitment to perform above their expectation?
  3. Once you have learned enough to close the sale, is the next step to engage your team to learn even more about the overall picture of client requirements so you know enough to drive a successful project?
  4. Does the resultant detailed discovery and understanding precede any effort to optimized client business processes, skills and talents, and enabling technologies?

Modesty is first on Steve Martin’s list. In other words, do you have enough modesty not to start every IT services relationship or project with ready-made answers?  Modesty in face of complexity demands a firm start it’s relationships and projects with a motivated and discerning team of subject matter experts who are committed to the tireless and creative effort of addressing client interests within the client’s boundaries and frameworks.

This is how this value chain works.  If your firm and its individuals can wrap themselves around the natures and culture identified in this article, you will improve your ability to drive client success. Client success is the underscoring prerequisite to personal success.

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Microsoft Dynamics CRM: A Leader in 2011 Magic Quadrant for CRM Customer Service Contact Centers

Gartner conduct a research report and placed Microsoft among the CRM software leaders for customer service contact centers.  Brad Wilson, General Manager of Microsoft Dynamics CRM stated, “Microsoft Dynamics CRM, through its familiar, intelligent and connected experiences, gives customer service professionals a complete view of their clients, along with insightful and actionable guidance enabling them to deliver the best possible customer service.”

Microsoft has been able to leverage their presence among customer service professionals through the new version of their Customer Care Accelerator available with Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011.  To learn more about this feature, CLICK HERE.

To read the full Gartner Magic Quadrant report, CLICK HERE.

 

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From Optional to Necessity: Key Features That Impact Daily Business Processes

A little over a decade ago, CRM could have been considered optional, a nice upgrade to one’s sales process. However, it now seems that CRM is not only prevalent but a necessity. Brad Wilson, General Manager of Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011 stated in an interview with Software Advice, “It is a critical tool for differentiating your business and building your customer service. Customers expect more in this day and age and the capabilities within Microsoft Dynamics CRM make those demands easy to meet.”

The article that highlights the mentioned interview above identifies four ways Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011 has changed the CRM landscape and put its mark on the CRM game. There are two features that I feel really stand out and enhance the business process on a daily basis.

1)  “Flexible Configuration and Customization: With Microsoft Dynamics CRM, you can create point and click configurations and easily turn a vanilla solution to one specific to your business needs.” Now more than ever, business processes are manageable and elevated to new heights with this ability to customize almost every facet of CRM.

2) “Better User Experience: User adoption is the number one pitfall of implementing a new technology solution.” There is an important emphasis on the functionality for the end user, which is sure to quickly become a favorite among the people who utilize this tool the most.

Although I only highlighted two key features that I feel are sure to make Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011 an instant favorite, there are a number of different features that cater to one’s overall business strategy.

To read the full article, Click Here.

Feel free to also check out my previous entry that also delves into some key enhancements, Click Here.

-C.E. Greenbauer

 

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Automate Your Goals: Goal Management Through Dynamics 2011

When it’s comes to sales, nothing is more important than reaching defined goals and achieving results.  I’d like to stress the importance of DEFINED goals.  Every professional has a certain amount of productivity they must maintain.  In order to do so, it’s important to not only define your goals, but to also clearly understand them.  As for me personally, this has become relevant as our last team meeting addressed how we must all begin to actually document our goals and put them in writing.  At first, this seemed like a no-brainer.  Write them down and stick to them; however, I underestimated the value this brought.  Our team has now adopted this somewhat obvious practice and feel this strategy will help optimize our productivity.

Although I’m not discounting the benefits of putting pen to paper and documenting one’s sales goals, but Microsoft has added an important feature to their newest version of CRM that could automate and revolutionize goal management for their users.  Not only will this feature allow the end user to import/insert their individual goals, but will also allow that data to be configured and transformed into visuals, such as charts and graphs through the BI functionality. 

According to dynamicscrmtrickbag.com, it’s explained that goal management can be applied to anything really as long as it can be conveyed in one of the two following ways: “1) As the sum of a numeric field.  An example of this is a sales goal, specified as the sum of the “Est. Revenue” field for opportunity records for a specific time period.  2) As a record count.  An example of this is a goal for qualified leads, specified as the number of lead records closed with a status of “Qualified” for a specific time period.”

It’s rather exciting to see there is now an ability to track a variety of goals through CRM.  Whether they are daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly and even yearly, they now can become automated and configured into a salesperson’s number one sales tool.  I think this will have a positive impact on our entire team’s performance and overall ability to manage our defined goals.  Below is an example image of how goals can be displayed visually with the BI functionality. 

To read more about goal management, you can check out the articel referenced above HERE.


Enhancements For the End User: New Features of Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011

Now that Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011 has been released, let’s take a moment to look at some new enhancements and features that are available.  Luckily for me, as I am an end user, most of these features and applications apply to people that rely on this tool the most.  As you may have read in the previous blog post, “Perspective From the Everyday User…”, I stated that it can sometimes be difficult for end users to make changes to CRM without having to get in touch with an IT professional; however, it seems MSCRM 2011 has heard our cry for help and made it easier for us to personalize and customize our CRM tool.  This is just one example of the improvements that have been made for the everyday user.

According to a recent blog entry from crmsoftwareblog.com entitled, “Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011: Top Features to Be Excited About” outlines a handful of features that could encourage organizations to upgrade CRM 4.0 or even consider switching over to MSCRM 2011 entirely if they are using a different system. 

Compliments of Ben Dzanic

 As I stated above, one of the main enhancements is the ability to personalize and customize.  With drag and drop functionality and an actual customizations tab, making simple changes to your personal setup is now faster and more sufficient.  It’s also important to emphasize the real-time dashboards and graphical charts.  One disadvantage with CRM 4.0 was the lack of visuals through charts and graphs.  Now the end user can create and apply an array of data into charts and graphs, place them on their dashboard, and even make that dashboard their homepage.  

Additionally, some other important features for the end user reside in the ability to assign team ownership to records and even a goal management function.  Team ownership is important as often times there is not one sole owner of an account or record.  Now one can apply a certain team to records; for instance, the inside sales team.  The goal management feature provides the ability to track personal goals and stay on track throughout the week, month, quarter and year. 

Now let’s switch gears and take a look from a developer’s perspective on what makes Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011 great for the IT folks.  Just like the end users, it seems easier for developers to customize and personalize.  According to our sister-blog .NET’ers, there are some changes when it comes to form scripting, web services, JavaScript libraries and plugins, but there seems to be a general consensus that Microsoft Dynamics CRM 2011 has made great strides from a customization and development aspect for both the end user and IT professional.  Here you can find some great resources and videos for Customizing and Developing MSCRM 2011.

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How to Think Like a Bootstrapper

How to Think Like a Bootstrapper
Scott Allen

I just read this article by Scott Allen and, although it is directed to small businesses, I believe every point he makes applies to most of us and our businesses.

Bob

Jun 18, 2010 –

It may be the high-growth, venture-funded companies that get a lot of press, but the fact of the matter is that the vast majority of businesses are started for under $10,000, usually provided by the entrepreneur’s friends and family, credit cards, or their own pocket. While it’s true that bootstrapped companies have a slightly higher failure rate than better-funded companies, the difference isn’t significant, and there are lots of bootstrapped businesses that succeed, just as there are many well-funded companies that flop. Good management practices are far more important to your success than big piles of cash are.

Here are a dozen tips to help you start and grow your business with little or no capital.

The most important question before you start is: how much will it cost to make your first sale? Consider everything: product research and development, operational overhead, marketing, cost of goods, etc. If it all adds up to more money than you have, you’re not bootstrapping. Rethink your model – can you really bootstrap, or do you need a bigger stack of working capital?

Cash flow isn’t the most important thing — it’s the only thing. For the bootstrapper, cash is like oxygen. When it stops for more than just a brief period, you die. Learn everything you can about accelerating cash flow and apply as much as possible to your business. Focus on cash — not on profits, market share, or anything else. Be super-realistic — even pessimistic — when it comes to revenue projections. You have no margin for error on the back end — you have to build it into your estimates on the front end.

Start with partners, not employees. Payroll is most companies’ biggest expense. Without a big pile of cash, you can’t afford it, period. Find people who are willing to work for equity, or at least deferred salary, when first starting out. Don’t hire any paid employees until profits allow you to pay them. Of course, this means that you have to have all the core competencies for the company covered in your core team. Find people whose strengths cover your weaknesses.

Develop continuous, passive income, even if that’s not your core business. Your main business may be big-ticket, one-time sales, or project-based services. These are rollercoaster rides that may be wildly successful, but may also frequently bottom out for extended periods. In your business model, be sure to include an offering that creates steady positive cash flow — subscriptions, consumables, automated product sales of information products, etc. It may seem like a distraction at first, but the first time that rollercoaster bottoms out, you’ll be glad you made the investment.

You’re not in the business of lending money. So don’t. If a customer says they have cash flow issues themselves, that’s what credit cards are for. If payment plans are common in your market, find a financing company to partner with and let them handle it. Get payment — even partial — up front whenever possible. Require a deposit that at least covers your hard cost of the sale. Don’t make excuses — just make it your policy and be clear about it up front.

Use credit for cash, not capital. It’s perfectly sensible to borrow money to manage short-term gaps in cash flow, such as using vendor credit to delay payment until you can receive payment from your customers, or paying for something that will quickly generate profits that exceed the interest, such as a marketing campaign. What you don’t want to do is borrow money to gamble with. You wouldn’t (or shouldn’t) put a cash advance on your credit card to gamble in Vegas…don’t do the same in your business. You may very well have to personally guarantee those loans, and that’s how entrepreneurs end up in personal bankruptcy, not just closing the business and moving on.

Do without it until you can no longer do without it. Postpone any and every purchase as long as you possibly can. Share office space, supplies, equipment, etc. The longer you can wait to make the purchase, the more time you have to discover the best deal, or to clarify your needs and find which product or service is best suited to them. Also, particularly with technology purchases, prices tend to go down, not up. This also may mean doing things like having a founder’s spouse keep the books and using free contract templates instead of hiring accountants and lawyers at first. Sure, it has risks, but so does spending available cash on those services rather than on things that will generate revenue.

Don’t try to beat the big boys at their own game. Large companies have access to capital, massive distribution channels, widespread brand recognition, and established customer relationships. They also have baggage — bureaucracy, formalized risk management, overhead, massive investments in their current business model and brand. Forget about massive retail distribution (for now) — sell direct and/or focus on close relationships with a small number of niche resellers. Take advantage of your ability to be agile, to make decisions quickly and put them into action immediately.

Don’t sell what you can’t deliver. Manage your growth. Big companies can deal with manufacturing capacity, customer service problems, or even major product issues by throwing cash at the problem. You can’t. While it may not feel like it when you’ve been struggling, there really is such a thing as too much business. Make your current customers your top priority. While potential new customers may be disappointed about not being able to obtain your product or service, they’ll understand. Sure, you may miss out on some potential business, but you won’t risk crashing and burning because of reduced quality control or poor customer service. I recently heard a business owner tale a cautionary tale about his experience of growing too fast. At one point, he called his own customer service line to see just how bad the problem was, and the automated attendant told him his expected hold time was 14 hours!

Don’t gamble what you can’t afford to lose. Don’t finance your business with a second mortgage on your home unless you’re willing to be homeless. Don’t bet the whole company on one opportunity. No matter how much you believe, no matter how good the opportunity looks, until you have the money in the bank, nothing’s a sure thing. That said, take advantage of the fact that you don’t have nearly as much to lose as big companies do. You won’t destroy billions of dollars of market value with a poor quarterly report. Employees who come to work for a startup know they’re taking a risk, while those working for a large company are usually expecting more stability. You can take chances that they can’t because you really don’t have as much at stake.

Establish relationships to support your growth before you need them. Sooner or later, you’re going to have an urgent need for resources or expertise outside of your company. It may be your first business tax return, a big order that requires additional resources to deliver, an urgent legal question, etc. Figure out who you want to use and establish a relationship with them in advance, so that they’re ready to go when you call them. If you have to scramble to figure it out when the need or opportunity presents itself, your risk of problems goes up dramatically.

Focus on the customer. Create raving, passionate fans by consistently exceeding their expectations. It’s far cheaper to keep customers than to acquire new ones. And happy customers are both your cheapest and most effective advertising. Develop your relationships with them above and beyond the sale. Learn about their business and refer people to them. Connect with them on LinkedIn. Check in with them on a regular basis with no sales agenda – just to see how things are going.

Bootstrapping is really more of a business philosophy than it is just about a shortage of capital. Even if you have capital at your disposal, or if you’re well past the startup stage, applying these ideas will help you reduce your risks and achieve smart business growth.

Scott “Social Media” Allen is a 25-year veteran technology entrepreneur, executive and consultant. He’s coauthor of The Virtual Handshake: Opening Doors and Closing Deals Online, the first book on the business use of social media, and The Emergence of The Relationship Economy. His latest venture, NFN8 Media, maintains a growing portfolio of niche content and community sites. He enjoys working with entrepreneurs and serves on the advisory board of several startups.


Why Is Business Writing So Awful?

Why Is Business Writing So Awful?
Nearly every company relies on the written word to woo customers. So why is most business writing so numbingly banal?

By Jason Fried | May 1, 2010
Laurent Cillufo

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Sales Coaching

Tips on negotiating, setting goals, lead generation, and more

What’s bad, boring, and barely read all over? Business writing. If you could taste words, most corporate websites, brochures, and sales materials would remind you of stale, soggy rice cakes: nearly calorie free, devoid of nutrition, and completely unsatisfying.

One of my favorite phrases in the business world is full-service solutions provider. A quick search on Google finds at least 47,000 companies using that one. That’s full-service generic. There’s more. Cost effective end-to-end solutions brings you about 95,000 results. Provider of value-added services nets you more than 600,000 matches. Exactly which services are sold as not adding value?

Who writes this stuff? Worse, who reads it and approves it? What does it say when tens of thousands of companies are saying the same things about themselves?

When you write like everyone else and sound like everyone else and act like everyone else, you’re saying, “Our products are like everyone else’s, too.” Or think of it this way: Would you go to a dinner party and just repeat what the person to the right of you is saying all night long? Would that be interesting to anybody? So why are so many businesses saying the same things at the biggest party on the planet — the marketplace?

If you care about your product, you should care just as much about how you describe it. In nearly all cases, a company makes its first impression on would-be customers or partners with words — whether they’re on a website, in sales materials, or in e-mails or letters. A snappy design might catch their attention, but it’s the words that make the real connection. Your company’s story, product descriptions, history, personality — these are the things that go to battle for you every day. Your words are your frontline. Are they strong enough?

Unfortunately, years of language dilution by lawyers, marketers, executives, and HR departments have turned the powerful, descriptive sentence into an empty vessel optimized for buzzwords, jargon, and vapid expressions. Words are treated as filler — “stuff” that takes up space on a page. Words expand to occupy blank space in a business much as spray foam insulation fills up cracks in your house. Harsh? Maybe. True? Read around a bit, and I think you’ll agree.

Luckily, there are exceptions. Wonderful exceptions. These are companies with a personality and a point of view. They care enough to have their own voice. They want to communicate, not just say something. They have a story to tell, and they want to tell it well. They write to be read.

Woot is one of those companies. Woot is a Dallas-based business that sells one item a day at a deep discount. Here is how the company describes itself on its website:

Woot.com is an online store and community that focuses on selling cool stuff cheap. It started as an employee-store slash market-testing type of place for an electronics distributor, but it’s taken on a life of its own. We anticipate profitability by 2043 — by then we should be retired; someone smarter might take over and jack up the prices. Until then, we’re still the lovable scamps we’ve always been.

Don’t you just love these people? Or maybe you hate them. Either way, I’m pretty sure you have an opinion about Woot based on this paragraph. With just a few sentences, Woot instantly set itself apart from the liquidation crowd.

Indeed, how the company communicates is a big part of how Woot built such a successful business. Woot’s deal of the day sells out just about every day. I especially love the company’s response to the “Will I receive customer support like I’m used to?” on its FAQ page:

No. Well, not really. If you buy something you don’t end up liking or you have what marketing people call “buyer’s remorse,” sell it on eBay. It’s likely you’ll make money doing this and save everyone a hassle.

It’s kind of kidding and kind of not. Some people may be offended, but big deal. Woot isn’t trying to sell to every customer. It’s trying to sell to the customers that can laugh along. Those are the people who understand what Woot is about. The company uses language as a filter.

Another favorite of mine is Saddleback Leather in San Antonio. Dave Munson, the company’s founder, clearly loves his products and his words. Here’s how he sets the scene when describing the quality of the company’s bags:

You know how when a magician exposes to the world how other magicians trick people, all of the other magicians get mad at him for spilling the beans? Well, I’m about to spill the beans and ruin it for all of those companies trying to trick you into buying their not so high quality leather…You’re about to learn what to look for and what to look out for as you shop for your next leather piece. By the way, if I soon die by a chopstick to the neck, you’ll know why. I’m a marked man.

He then dives into great detail about what makes a great leather bag great. From the type of leather and where it comes from to how it’s tanned to breakable versus nonbreakable parts (“How much is a billion dollar submarine with a plastic hatch worth?”) to the number of seams, and so on. It’s compelling and interesting. It holds your attention.

And check out how he explains his guarantee:

All of our products are fully warranted against all defects in materials and workmanship for 100 years. If you or one of your descendants should have a problem, send it back to me or one of my descendants and we’ll repair or replace it for free or we’ll give you a credit on the website (be sure to mention the warranty in your will).

Consider his choice of words. A 100-year warranty that his descendants will honor if one of your descendants needs a repair. And then he reminds you to include the warranty in your will. Who wouldn’t want to do business with this guy? And it’s all backed up with the Saddleback tag line: “They’ll Fight Over It When You’re Dead.” Beauty.

When you’re done reading this article, hit Google and search for leather bags. Then read through some of the sites you find. I bet you’ll be bored to death pretty quickly. Then visit Saddleback’s site. I bet you’ll be smiling just as fast.

Here’s one more example of writing done right: Polyface farm in Swoope, Virginia. Polyface is run by Joel Salatin, a pioneering farmer, author, and prophet of clarity. The Polyface Guiding Principles page is a study in straightforward language with a healthy hint of attitude:

Plants and animals should be provided a habitat that allows them to express their physiological distinctiveness. Respecting and honoring the pigness of the pig is a foundation for societal health….We do not ship food. We should all seek food closer to home…This means enjoying seasonality and reacquainting ourselves with our home kitchens.

I especially love his take on what it means to be a farmer:

We’re really in the earthworm enhancement business. Stimulating soil biota is our first priority. Soil health creates healthy food.

Joel knows where he stands. When you read his site, you do, too. Even though Joel is a “full-service end-to-end” farmer, he’d never say it like that. He’d consider that description disrespectful to his customers, employees, plants, and animals.

The quality of the writing on sites like Woot’s, Saddleback Leather’s, and Polyface’s gives me the chills. It’s not how they look; it’s how they read. These are businesses that care about what they say and how they say it. They don’t write to fill up space on a page. They write to fill up your head. There is nothing inherently interesting about liquidators, leather, or farmers. They can make themselves boring, or they can make themselves interesting. Words do that job. Woot, Saddleback, and Polyface have all chosen to be interesting and engaging. They don’t hide behind jargon. They aren’t insecure. They aren’t afraid to tell you who they are.

I can already hear some of you saying, “Sounds great. But I can’t write.” So hire a writer. But make sure that writer truly understands your business. Remember: It’s not about telling a story. It’s about telling a true story well.

Of course, words alone won’t do it. Words are two dimensional. Your products and services provide the third dimension — depth. But when it all comes together, you’ve got a package that’s hard to ignore.

Jason Fried is co-founder of 37signals, a Chicago-based software firm, and co-author of the book Rework, which was published in March


A Little Less Conversation

With constant, ever-increasing demands on our time, each of us must work hard to remain effective and not just “busy.” I came accross this post by Joel Spolsky and it really hit home with me. I began to practice a lot of what Joel suggests and it is having a big and very positive impact. So much so that I wanted to share this with you.

Bob

Have you ever invited employees to a meeting just so they wouldn’t feel left out? If so, you may be an overcommunicator.

By Joel Spolsky | Feb 1, 2010
Josh Titus

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Cross-functional or Dysfunctional? On every project, one person should be in charge of the flow of communication. You want the decision-making process to look like Figure A — not Figure B.

Joel Spolsky is the founder and CEO of Fog Creek Software in New York City.

When was the last time you scheduled a meeting and invited eight people instead of the three people who really needed to be there simply because you didn’t want anyone to feel left out?

When was the last time you sent a companywide e-mail that said something like, “Hey, attention coffee drinkers: If you finish the pot, make another!” even though there is actually only one person who violates this rule (and she’s your co-founder)?

When was the last time you got into a long discussion over the color palette for the new brochure with a programmer, who has nothing to do with the brochure but sure knows that he doesn’t like orange?

These are symptoms of a common illness: too much communication.

Now, we all know that communication is very important, and that many organizational problems are caused by a failure to communicate. Most people try to solve this problem by increasing the amount of communication: cc’ing everybody on an e-mail, having long meetings and inviting the whole staff, and asking for everyone’s two cents before implementing a decision.

But communications costs add up faster than you think, especially on larger teams. What used to work with three people in a garage all talking to one another about everything just doesn’t work when your head count reaches 10 or 20 people. Everybody who doesn’t need to be in that meeting is killing productivity. Everybody who doesn’t need to read that e-mail is distracted by it. At some point, overcommunicating just isn’t efficient.

It’s a particularly insidious problem for fast-growing start-ups. When you’re really small and you’re just starting out, you don’t have that many people, so keeping everyone in the loop on everything doesn’t really take that much time. But as you get bigger, the number of people who might potentially get involved in any particular discussion increases, and the amount of stuff you’re doing as a company increases, and the amount of time you can waste overcommunicating becomes a serious problem.

As companies expand, the people within them start to specialize. At such a point, some managers will conclude that they have a “keep everyone on the same page” problem. But often what they actually have is a “stop people from meddling when there are already enough smart people working on something” problem.

It’s not that Bob in Accounting doesn’t have anything useful to say about the photography for the new advertising campaign. Yes, Bob has a master’s in fine arts. Yes, Bob is an amateur photographer. And maybe he even has better taste than do the people in marketing. Still, Bob shouldn’t be telling the marketing manager what to do, because it’s just not efficient. In fact, it’s highly inefficient.

The cost of overcommunication within organizations was fleshed out by Fred Brooks in his 1975 book, The Mythical Man-Month. Brooks helped run the OS/360 project at IBM, building a giant operating system for the company’s mainframes. In those days, computers were large, room-size, water-cooled machines, sometimes with a massive 256,000 bytes of main memory. OS/360 was probably the largest software project ever attempted to that point. And it was monumentally late.

Every time some aspect of the project fell behind schedule, IBM assigned a few more people to the task. And what Brooks noticed, which still surprises people, is that this didn’t work. His observation came to be known as Brooks’ Law: Adding people to a late project tends to make it run later still.

Read that sentence again, because it’s not intuitive. Brooks discovered that adding people to a project will put it further behind schedule.

How can that be? Well, when you add a new person to a team, that person needs to communicate and coordinate with all the other people on the team. This doesn’t sound like a big deal, but it is. The new kid doesn’t know what’s going on, so somebody else on the team — somebody who just last week was doing productive work — has to stop his or her work and show this newbie the ropes.

The bigger the team, the worse it gets. When you have a team of one person, you have no communication requirements. None.

Add a second person, and now you have a single connection: Adam and Mary have to talk to each other once in a while.

Now add a third person, say, Srinivas, and suddenly we’ve gone from one connection to three, since Srinivas has to talk to Adam and Mary.

Add a fourth person. I’m running out of names here to help me out — OK: Britney. If we add her, and she needs to coordinate with all of them, you get six connections.

For the mathematically inclined, the formula is that if you have n people on your team, there are (n2-n)/2 connections. This chart illustrates how this becomes a problem:

People Connections
1 0
2 1
3 3
4 6
5 10
6 15
7 21
8 28
9 36
10 45

As you can see, the communications costs start to rise pretty rapidly until, on large teams, all anyone ever has time to do is to coordinate with everyone else — and no one gets any work done. In 2006, Moishe Lettvin, a former programmer at Microsoft, wrote a blog post describing the year he spent coordinating the list of items that would be featured on one menu in Windows Vista — the menu you use to turn off your computer. (See The Windows Shutdown Crapfest.) Lettvin figured that 43 people all had a voice in designing this one menu. Forty-three! By Brooks’s formula, that means managing 903 connections. Lettvin says he spent so much time on coordination tasks that, in 12 months, he produced fewer than 200 lines of code.

As the boss, you need to design ways to reduce communications paths. Eliminate companywide mailing lists — or at least charge $1.50 to post to them. Stop having large meetings. You need a culture in which people don’t get uptight because they weren’t included in a meeting, which means you need a culture that rewards people for doing their jobs and frowns on meddling in other people’s work.

And on every project, assign one person to make sure that communication happens — but only the right communication. Otherwise the team will just start having long meetings with everyone there and, frankly, people will socialize, and bloviate, and speechify, and argue about things they don’t really care about just to hear their own voices.

I think this is probably one of those cases in which the old, 1950s style of management accidentally got something right. In those General Motors–style companies, they at least had an idea for how information needed to move up and down neat, regimented org charts, which showed a modicum of recognition that the right answer is not that every single person in the organization needs to pay attention to everything.

When you started your company, you probably did a great job of communicating. Everybody told one another everything. And your customers loved it, because when they called in to ask about their purchase order, everybody knew where it was. But as you get bigger, you can’t keep telling everybody about every purchase order, so you have to invent specific communications systems so that exactly the right people find out and nobody else. Not because it’s confidential. Because it’s a waste of time.


The Transition Curve

The Transition Curve

By Michael · Comments (0)

Crossfit Dublin

The Transition Curve is the physical representation of the emotions we experience in the pursuit of a task. This is relevant to your experience at CrossFit, work or in any of your relationships. Keep in mind, to some degree, you go through this curve on a daily basis. It happens to a different extent depending on the meaning of the event.

At the start of a task you are in “Uninformed Optimism” and have a ton of excitement to get things going. You feel that your success is inevitable. This is the excitement of starting a new job or when you start dating a new person everything is just great. As you start to experience some failure you start to slide down the curve into “Informed Pessimism”. This is where you start to ask yourself why or how you were fooled into getting so excited. You decide to suffer through things at this point because you are stuck in it now but your attitude is generally negative and your results suffer as a result.

As your lack of commitment pushes you further and further down the curve you hit the “Crisis of Meaning”. This is where total burn out occurs and realize it is time for a change. Fight or flight. You either renew your commitment to what you are doing, focus on the positive and begin to achieve again or completely walk away. The latter is aptly named “Crash and Burn”.

When you decide to stay and learn to fight you start to feel success again. You understand better the challenges you will face and you are better equipped to deal with trials in the future. At this point you feel what is called “Informed Optimism” as you have the confidence of experience.

You cannot avoid the transition curve in life or any of its stages, but you can learn to more successfully navigate it. This is done by decreasing the peaks and valleys of the curve, understanding it and knowing which stage you are at and why. When you are feeling success, use this time to prepare for when you will struggle by using that high energy to do things you usually avoid so they don’t pile up on you later. The opposite is true when you are feeling low. Push yourself down the curve so that you can have your crisis of meaning faster and look hard at what you are doing and why you are doing it. Think about what got you through a challenging time before and how you were able to do it.

Whether you use it in a workout to remain poised when your lungs are going to come up and out your throat, or in everyday life when you are staring down that all too familiar curve ball, the Transition Curve is a valuable and effective tool for success.